Prenatal Care Essentials: What Every Expectant Mother Should Know

Congratulations on your pregnancy! As a physician with years of experience guiding expecting mothers, I’m excited to share some key information to help you
have a healthy and happy pregnancy. At Pioneer Medical, understanding prenatal care is the first step to feeling confident and prepared. This blog provides
essential information on prenatal screenings, nutrition tips, and addresses common questions to support you and your baby.
Why Prenatal Care Matters
Prenatal care is all about keeping you and your baby healthy throughout pregnancy. Regular checkups with your doctor or midwife help identify potential issues
early, provide guidance, and ensure your baby is growing and developing well. In Alberta, our healthcare system allows access to numerous prenatal services,
allowing you to focus on your health without additional worry. Starting prenatal care early—ideally in the first trimester—gives us the best chance to monitor
your pregnancy and address any concerns. Whether it’s your first baby or you’re a seasoned mom, every pregnancy is unique, and staying informed is key.
Key Prenatal Screenings: What to Expect
Prenatal screenings are tests that check on your health and your baby’s development. They’re not scary or complicated, but they’re essential for catching issues
early. Here’s a rundown of the main ones I recommend:

• First Trimester Screening (Weeks 11–14) – This includes a blood test and an ultrasound to measure the nuchal translucency (fluid at the back of the
  baby’s neck). It helps assess the risk of conditions.
• Blood Tests – Early in pregnancy, we check your blood for conditions such as anemia, blood type, and immunity to diseases like rubella. These tests help
  us tailor your care to your specific needs. For example, if you’re Rh-negative, we might need to give you a shot later to protect your baby.
• Ultrasounds – You’ll likely have at least two ultrasounds—one early to confirm the due date and another around 18–20 weeks to check the baby’s growth
  and anatomy. These are exciting moments to see your baby and ensure everything’s on track.
• Glucose Screening (Weeks 24–28) – This test checks for gestational diabetes, a condition that can develop during pregnancy. You’ll drink a sugary
  solution, and we’ll measure your blood sugar. If needed, we’ll work with you on diet or medication to keep you and your baby safe.
• Group B Strep (GBS) Test (Weeks 35–37) – A simple swab checks for GBS bacteria, which are harmless to you but could affect the baby during delivery.
  If positive, we’ll give you antibiotics during labour to protect your little one.
  These tests are routine, and your healthcare team will explain each one to you. If you have questions or feel nervous, please don’t hesitate to ask us—we’re
  here to make it clear and stress-free.
  Nutrition Tips for a Healthy Pregnancy
  Eating well during pregnancy supports your baby’s growth and keeps you feeling strong. You don’t need to “eat for two,” but you do need the proper
  nutrients. Here are some simple tips tailored for Alberta moms:
• Focus on Balance – Aim for a mix of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins (such as chicken, fish, or beans), and dairy products. Canada’s Food
  Guide suggests filling half your plate with veggies and fruits for vitamins like folate, which helps prevent congenital disabilities.
• Key Nutrients:
• Folic Acid – Take a prenatal vitamin with at least 400–800 mcg of folic acid daily to support your baby’s brain and spine development. Foods like
  leafy greens, lentils, and fortified cereals are also excellent sources.
• Iron – Pregnancy increases your need for iron to prevent anemia. Include red meat, spinach, or fortified cereals, and pair them with vitamin C (like
  oranges) to boost absorption.
• Calcium and Vitamin D – These build strong bones for you and your baby. Milk, yogurt, or fortified plant-based drinks are good choices. In Canada,
  where sunlight is limited during winter, a vitamin D supplement (often included in prenatal vitamins) is crucial.
• Omega-3 Fats – Found in fish like salmon or trout (safe, low-mercury options), these support your baby’s brain development. Aim for two servings a week.
• Stay Hydrated – Drink plenty of water, approximately 8–10 cups daily, to support your increased blood volume and help prevent constipation.
• Foods to Limit or Avoid – Skip raw fish (such as sushi), undercooked meats, and unpasteurized cheeses to prevent infections like listeriosis. Additionally,
  limit caffeine to about one cup of coffee per day and avoid alcohol altogether.
  If you’re experiencing morning sickness or food aversions, please don’t hesitate to reach out to us. We suggest small, frequent meals or ginger-based remedies to help
  alleviate symptoms. Pioneer Medical can assist in referring you to a registered dietitian, often accessible through your AHS, who can also create a personalized plan.
  Common Questions Expectant Mothers Ask
  As a physician, I frequently hear many questions from expectant mothers. Here are some common ones with straightforward answers:
• Is it normal to feel so tired? – Absolutely! Your body is working hard to grow a baby. Fatigue is common, especially in the first and third trimesters. Rest
  when you can, eat nutrient-rich foods, and let us know if it feels extreme—we can check for issues like low iron.
• Can I exercise during pregnancy? – Yes, moderate exercise, such as walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga, is excellent for most moms. Aim for 150
  minutes of physical activity per week, as recommended by Canadian guidelines. Always consult your doctor first, especially if you have any complications.
• What if I’m worried about pain during labour? – It’s okay to feel nervous! We’ll discuss pain relief options like epidurals, nitrous gas, or natural techniques
  during your visits. In Alberta, you’ll have access to midwives, obstetricians, or doulas to support your birth plan.
  Pregnancy is an exciting time, and good prenatal care sets the foundation for a healthy start. By staying on top of screenings, eating a balanced diet, and asking
  questions, you’re giving your baby the best chance to thrive. At Pioneer Medical, we’re here to guide you every step of the way—whether it’s explaining a test, tweaking
  your diet, or just listening to your concerns. Reach out to book your next appointment, and let’s make this journey a smooth one. Here’s to you and your growing family!
  Dr. Eke
  Pioneer Medical Clinic